reproduce (this is a W=1 build):
        git clone https://github.com/intel/lkp-tests.git ~/lkp-tests
        # https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rw/ubifs.git/commit/?id=01099f635a4c68b8574d350a972ba062dd5142e9
        git remote add rw-ubifs https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rw/ubifs.git
        git fetch --no-tags rw-ubifs next
        git checkout 01099f635a4c68b8574d350a972ba062dd5142e9
        # save the config file
        mkdir build_dir && cp config build_dir/.config
        COMPILER_INSTALL_PATH=$HOME/0day COMPILER=gcc-14.2.0 ~/lkp-tests/kbuild/make.cross W=1 O=build_dir ARCH=riscv olddefconfig
        COMPILER_INSTALL_PATH=$HOME/0day COMPILER=gcc-14.2.0 ~/lkp-tests/kbuild/make.cross W=1 O=build_dir ARCH=riscv SHELL=/bin/bash