reproduce (this is a W=1 build): # https://github.com/jgunthorpe/linux/commit/7323ffb6a7a00fcc9c21bcb5ded7119da356110c git remote add jgunthorpe https://github.com/jgunthorpe/linux git fetch --no-tags jgunthorpe iommufd_dmabuf git checkout 7323ffb6a7a00fcc9c21bcb5ded7119da356110c # install loongarch cross compiling tool for clang build # apt-get install binutils-loongarch-linux-gnu git clone https://github.com/intel/lkp-tests.git ~/lkp-tests # save the config file mkdir build_dir && cp config build_dir/.config COMPILER_INSTALL_PATH=$HOME/0day COMPILER=clang-18 ~/lkp-tests/kbuild/make.cross W=1 O=build_dir ARCH=loongarch olddefconfig COMPILER_INSTALL_PATH=$HOME/0day COMPILER=clang-18 ~/lkp-tests/kbuild/make.cross W=1 O=build_dir ARCH=loongarch SHELL=/bin/bash drivers/vfio/pci/